Dao Programming Language
Dao is a simple yet powerful object-oriented programming language featured by, soft (or optional) typing, BNF-like macro system, regular expression, multi-dimensional numeric array, asynchronous function call for concurrent programming etc. Supporting for multi-threaded programming is also implemented as an integrate part of Dao. Network programming and concurrent programming by message passing interface are supported as standard library of Dao. Moreover, Dao can be easily extended with C/C++, through a simple and transparent interface; and easily embedded into other C/C++ programs as well.
Now the extending modules for Dao are gradually enriching, with modules for: CGI web programming, MYSQL database handling, Lapack and GSL numeric computing, GraphicsMagick image processing, MathGL mathematics plotting, OpenGL 3D graphics, SDL multimedia, VTK 3D model and data visualization, XML docuemt handling and Zlib data compression etc. It worths mentioning that, most of these modules that wrap a C/C++ library are wrapped by an automated tool that generates the wrapping codes directly from the header files of those library, and this automated tool is written in Dao. Moreover, Dao has also included a module with functionality similar to the Ctypes module for Python. This module is based on the FFI library, and allows directly calling C functions of a C library from Dao without wrapping the library.
List of features:
| Support by | Feature summary |
|---|---|
| Language | Object-oriented programming |
| Language | Optional/soft typing system |
| Language | BNF-like macro, meta-programming |
| Language | Functional programming |
| Language | Arbitrary precision integer (big integer) |
| Language | Tuple type |
| Language | Numeric array type |
| Built-in Methods | String regular expression pattern matching |
| Built-in Libraries | Multi-threaded programming |
| Built-in Libraries | Network programming |
| Virtual Machine | Automatic memory management |
| Programming Interfaces | Embedding and extending |
| Programming Interfaces | Packing script files into executable |
| Extending Modules | Graphical User Interface (GUI) programming |
| Extending Modules | 3D graphics |
| Extending Modules | Image processing |
| Extending Modules | CGI web programming |
| Extending Modules | Database handling |
| Extending Modules | Data compression |
| Extending Modules | XML document handling |
| Extending Modules | Numeric computation |
| Extending Modules | Running time C library binding |
| Script Tools | Automatic wrapping of C/C++ libraries |
Here are little pieces of codes just to show how Dao look like:
# explicitly typing:
# declare variable with type:
var1 : double = 0.0;
var2 : map<string,float>;
# implicitly typing:
# define variables by enumerations:
list1 = { 1, 2, 3 }
map1 = { "CD"=>123, "AB"=>456 }
tuple1 = ( 123, "ABC" )
# tuple with named items
tuple2 = ( index => 123, name => "ABC" )
vector = [ 1, 2, 3 ]
matrix = [ 1, 2; 3, 4 ]
tuple2.name = "another name";
stdio.println( matrix[1,:] ); # second row
# declare variable with type:
var1 : double = 0.0;
var2 : map<string,float>;
# implicitly typing:
# define variables by enumerations:
list1 = { 1, 2, 3 }
map1 = { "CD"=>123, "AB"=>456 }
tuple1 = ( 123, "ABC" )
# tuple with named items
tuple2 = ( index => 123, name => "ABC" )
vector = [ 1, 2, 3 ]
matrix = [ 1, 2; 3, 4 ]
tuple2.name = "another name";
stdio.println( matrix[1,:] ); # second row
# function with parameter annotation:
routine Bar( a, b : int, c = "DEFAULT" )
{
stdio.println( "parameters:", a, b, c )
}
class Point
{
var X, Y, Z = 0.0;
routine Point( x=0.0, y=0.0, z=0.0 ){
X = x; Y = y; Z = z;
}
}
# different ways of constructing class instances:
p1 = Point( 1, 2, 3 ); # calling constructor
p2 = Point{ 1, 2, 3 }; # enumerating fields
p3 = Point{ Z=>1, X=>2, Y=>3 }; # enumerating fields by names
routine Bar( a, b : int, c = "DEFAULT" )
{
stdio.println( "parameters:", a, b, c )
}
class Point
{
var X, Y, Z = 0.0;
routine Point( x=0.0, y=0.0, z=0.0 ){
X = x; Y = y; Z = z;
}
}
# different ways of constructing class instances:
p1 = Point( 1, 2, 3 ); # calling constructor
p2 = Point{ 1, 2, 3 }; # enumerating fields
p3 = Point{ Z=>1, X=>2, Y=>3 }; # enumerating fields by names
# generators and coroutines with typed interfaces:
# int => tuple<int,int>
routine gen1( a = 0 )
{
k = 0;
while( k ++ < 3 ) a = yield( k, a );
return 0,0;
}
routine gen2( a = 0 )
{
return gen1( a );
}
g = @gen2( 1 );
stdio.println( 'main1: ', g( 1 ) );
stdio.println( 'main2: ', g( 100 ) );
stdio.println( 'main3: ', g( 200 ) );
# int => tuple<int,int>
routine gen1( a = 0 )
{
k = 0;
while( k ++ < 3 ) a = yield( k, a );
return 0,0;
}
routine gen2( a = 0 )
{
return gen1( a );
}
g = @gen2( 1 );
stdio.println( 'main1: ', g( 1 ) );
stdio.println( 'main2: ', g( 100 ) );
stdio.println( 'main3: ', g( 200 ) );
# functional methods:
# method( parameter(s) )->|variable(s)|{ inlined_function }
a = { 1, 2, 3 }
b = map( a ) -> { 10*x } # produce { 10, 20, 30 }
b = map( a ) -> |x| { 10*x } # equivalent to above
# map() can take more than one lists as parameters:
b = { 11, 22, 33 }
c = map( a, b ) -> |x,y| { x + y }
# function composition
c = map( a, b )->|x,y|{ x + y, x - y }->|u,v| { u * v }
# method( parameter(s) )->|variable(s)|{ inlined_function }
a = { 1, 2, 3 }
b = map( a ) -> { 10*x } # produce { 10, 20, 30 }
b = map( a ) -> |x| { 10*x } # equivalent to above
# map() can take more than one lists as parameters:
b = { 11, 22, 33 }
c = map( a, b ) -> |x,y| { x + y }
# function composition
c = map( a, b )->|x,y|{ x + y, x - y }->|u,v| { u * v }
view count 21000 times
created at 2009-02-19, 17:46 GMT
modified at 2009-09-22, 00:03 GMT
created at 2009-02-19, 17:46 GMT
modified at 2009-09-22, 00:03 GMT
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